Method of making cabled yarns or cabled threads and means for carrying out the said method



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Jan. 13, 1948. J. H. SER1-HIER ETAL METHOD 0F MAKING CABLED YARNS OR CABLED THREADS AND MEANS FOR CARRYING OUT THE SAID METHOD Filed Jan. 29, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 KQL wmv

BERTHIER JasE H A. coLl J. H. BERTHIER ETAL METHOD OF MAKING CABLED YARNS OR CABLED THREADS Jan. 13, 1948.

AND MEANS FOR CARRYING OUT THE SAID METHOD Filed Jan. 29, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 www nn M MTW SRL E0 B .A HH fewo. LE um JJ 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Jan. 13, 1948. J. H. SER1-HIER ETAL METHOD OF MAKING CABLED YARNS OR CABLED THREADS AND MEANS FOR CARRYING OUT THE SAID METHOD Filed Jan. 29, 1957 Jan. 13, 1948. J. H. BERTHIER x-:TAL 2,434,384

METHOD OF MAKING CABLED YARNS 0R CABLED THREADS AND MEANS lFOR CARRYING OUT THE SAID METHOD Filed Jan. 29, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet JULES H. BERTHIER AND JOSEPH A. COL

Patented dan. i3, 1948 STATES PATENT OFFICE METHOD F MAKING CABLED YARNS 0R CABLED THREADS AND MEANS FOR CARRYING OUT THE SAID METHOD Application January 29, 1937, Serial No. 123,056 In France `ianuary 30, 1936 Section 3, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires January 30, 1956 9 Claims.

The present invention relates to the doubling,

twisting or twining of textile materials and has for its objects:

A method oi making cabled yarns or cabled threads having a uniformity in their qualities which has never hitherto been attained.

Apparatus for carrying this method into effect.

The cabled yarns or cabled threads obtained by means of this method or apparatus. y

The applications or uses which may be made of these cabled yarns or threads andthe products resulting from such applications.

Among these applications or uses the present invention provides more particularly for the manufacture, by means of cabled yarns or threads, of the above deilned type, of reinforcements .for pneumatic tyres of wheels for automobiles or other vehicles.

According to the method of manufacture of the cabled yarns or threads forming the object of the present invention, n doubled or twisted yarns, substantially identical in point of twists and tensions, are made simultaneously, starting from n assemblies of threads or yarns substantially identical with each other and united as they are formed in an assembly of n doubled or twisted yarns in which these doubled or twisted yarns remain substantially identical with each other in point oi twists and tensions, and this assembly oi doubled or twisted yarns is then made into cabled yarn or thread.

In the present specication, under the name of assembly is designated a group or set of textile elements: single threads or yarns or dubled or twisted yarns, disposed side by side Without being twisted together.

According to one mode of applying above defined means of making a cabled yarn` or thread:

1L doubled or twisted yarns substantially identical with each other in point of twists and tensions are made simultaneously by means of n fliers of the so-called double twist system driven simultaneously at substantially equal speeds of rotation, and in each of these iiiers an assembly" of threads or yarns formed by n single and sustantially identical threads or yarns and presented in the form of a bobbin is delivered to the said flier by a positively driven delivery mechanism, while a positively driven take-oli mechanisrn carries away outside this flier the doubled or twisted yarn produced by it, the delivery mechanisms of all the fliers being, at all times, driven at substantially equal speeds and the takeoi mechanisms of the doubled or twisted yarns outside the fliers being also driven at all times at equal speeds.

The n doubled or twisted yarns thus produced simultaneously by the n fliers are grouped side by side in such manner as to form the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns, which is Wound immediately by means of a single bobbin winding system and on a single bobbin, while keeping constant the length of the part of this assembly of doubled or twisted yarns situated between a last fixed guiding point of this assembly and the point where this winding on is eiected, a point that constantly moves along this bobbin.

The assembly of doubled or twisted yarns forming the wound bobbin thus obtained is made into cabled yarn or thread on a nier provided, like each of the aforesaid doubling iiiers, with a positively driven delivery mechanism delivering the material (in this case the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns) to the said iiier, and with a positively driven take-off mechanism outside the said iei for the cabled yarn or thread produced by the latter.

The cabled yarn or thread obtained is wound on a bobbin provided with a mechanism for winding on and also for keeping constant the distance between the last fixed guiding point for this cabled yarn and the point where the winding on is eiected, a point that constantly moves along the bobbin.

Under these conditions:

(a) The twist of the doubled or twisted yarn produced by any one of the n doubling or twisting iiiers used, a twist that depends on the ratio between the speed of rotation of this flier and the peripheral speed of the take-off roller of its takeoi mechanism, has a value which is substantially equal to the value of the twist of the doubled or twisted yarns produced simultaneously by the other fliers.

(b) The tension of the doubled or twisted yarn produced by any one of the n spindles employed, a tension which depends on the ratio between the peripheral speed of the roller of the delivery mechanism of the said ier and the peripheral speed of the roller of the take-off mechanism of this flier, has a value which is substantially equal to that of the tension of the doubled or twisted yarns produced by the other iers.

(c) In the assembly or the doubled or twisted yarns thus obtained the winding-on tension, which for each doubled or twisted yarn depends on the ratio between the linear speed of winding on and the linear speed of production of this doubled or twisted yarn is the same for allithe doubled or twisted yarns produced and wound on simultaneously@ V (d) Further, as during the whole formation of a wound bobbin the ratio between-the speed of production of these doubled or twisted yarns and the winding on speed remains constant during the whole winding on due to the fact that the length of that part of the assembly of doubled oi twisted yarns between the last fixed guiding point of this assembly and the winding on point of the same assembly on the bobbin .remains constant, not only are the winding on tensions at all times equal forthe n doubled or twisted yarns, but these tensions have a constant value during the whole n; winding.

The bobbin thus formed by this assembly of doubled or twisted yarns made up of doubled or twisted yarns Vhaving identical and constant characteristics. made under substantially identical twisting and tension conditions andl then wound on also under the same tension, constitutes a new product. A. similar bobbin cannot, in fact, be obtained'either directly on ring or iiyer doubling or twisting machines, in which more or less extensive variations of tension occur in the course of the doubling or twisting, and

which can only wind a single doubled or twisted yarn on each bobbin, or indirectly by assembling doubled or twisted yarns produced separately either on these machines or on double twist fliers.J This assembling operation cannot be effected on any known machine without producing variations in tension in the various doubled or twisted yarns and a modification. variable with each of them, of their characteristics.

Now it has been found that very slight variations. either in the twist of the doubled or twisted yarns. or more particularly in their tension, their production tension as well as their winding tension, entail considerable variations in the elasticity characteristics of the cabled yarns or threads made from these doubled or twisted yarns. f p

The present invention, which enables the above mentioned slight variations in the doubled or twisted yarns produced to be done away with at the same time ensures the elimination of the corresponding considerable variations in the cabled yarn or thread made -by means of these doubled or twisted yarns; consequently, the cabled yarn or thread -produced by the method above defined constitutes a new product which comes within the scope of the present invention.

Furthermore. the use of cabled yarns or threads which-to the high degree above stated show constancy in the properties required for the manu-- facture of various products, such, for example, as reinforcements for pneumatic tyres,will, all other things being equal, ensure obtaining prode0' ucts of superior qualities to those of the products made from the known cabled yarns or threads. This same use also permits of obtaining from a smaller quantity of cabled yarns or threads manufactured according to the present invention. products equivalent, as regards their qualities, to the existing products made from the known cabled yarns or threads.

By virtue of this, also, the present invention includes the products made by means of cabled yarns or threads obtained by the method above defined.

According to the present invention,ralso, an apparatus suitable for carryin into effect the above defined method compr es:

A frame carrying a single. driving shaft and la group oi n double twist fiiersf in which all the fliers are positively driven by the said single driving shaft by means oi' mechanisms identical with each other. so that the speeds of these fliers may be strictly identical.

For each ier:

(a) A textile bobbin formed by Ian assembly of single yarns or threads, the assemblies forming the bobbins of the various iers' of the machine element considered being identical with each other.

(b) A positively driven mechanism for the de- 1 livery of the assembly of single threads or yarns from .this bobbin, this delivery mechanism being driven by the shaft of the said dier itself and being identical with each of the positively driven delivery mechanisms with which; all the other fliers are provided.

(c) A`positively driven take-off mechanism for the doubled or twisted yarn produced by the said ier, this mechanism being driven either by the single driving shaft aforesaid, or by the shaft of the flier itself and being identical with all the other take-off mechanisms for the doubled or twisted yarns produced by the other fliers of the machine.

A mechanism for grouping or assembling side by side the n identical doubled or twisted yarns furnised by the said n fliers.

A mechanism for the immediate winding on of the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns thus fformed, this winding on mechanism comprising:

(a) A mechanism for the positive peripheral drive of the winding on bobbin. this mechanism being actuated by the driving shaft of the ma chine itself, so that the linear speed of winding on of the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns obtained must. at all times,vbe proportional to the speed of rotation of this driving shaft, and,

consequently to that of -the doubling fliers and to the amount of doubled or twisted yarns to be wound on.

(b) A mechanism to provide for that part of the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns between the last fixed guide of this assembly and its point of winding along the winding-on bobbin to have a constant length during the continuous displacement of this winding point along the said bobbin.

ACCOlding to the present invention a mechanism for maintaining at a constant length this part of the assembly of the doubled or twisted yarns may be formed by:

l(a) A flexible band or rope, inextensible and under tension, disposed parallel to at least a part of the path of this assembly of doubled or twisted yarns between the last xed guide of this assembly and the moving guide for winding on the bob bin, this band or rope being fastened by one of its ends to a fixed point close tothe last guide of the invariable part of the path of this assem-v bly and by its other end to the moving member for distributing lthe convolutions of this assemvkeeps the band or rope constantly stretched.

'I'he path followed by the moving guidemay be any suitable one, such as horizontal, vertical, oblique. etc.

Numerous apparatus for doubling or twisting may be constructed in accordance with theprinciples above defined.

In the accompanying schematic drawings,

which are Ygiven by way of example and do not in any way limit the scope of the present invention. l

Figure 1 is a view, partly in longitudinal vertical section and partly in elevation, of a doubling or twisting machine constructed in accordance with the invention for the simultaneous manufacture of three identical doubled or twisted yarns and the production of a wound bobbinformed by the assembly of the three doubled or twisted yarns obtained.

Figure 2 is a plan view 'of this machine.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section and on a larger scale of one of the doubling or twisting fliers without its take-off mechanism.

Figure 4 is an elevation on a larger scale, showing the take-olf mechanism for the doubled or twisted yarns, the mechanism for assembling the doubled or twisted yarns and for winding the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns on one bobbin.

Figure 5 is a detail plan view of the means for maintaining constant the length of the part of the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns between the last fixed guide of this assembly and the movable winding-on arm on the winding-on bobbin.

Figure 6 is an elevation of the same mechanism.

In these various figures the same reference numerals designate the same parts.

l is the frame, on which lis mounted a driving shaft 2, driven either directly by a motor, for

instance on electric motor (not shown), or indi.

rectly by means of a pulley and belt or toothed gearing. This driving shaft carries two identical toothed pinions 3 and 3'.

The frame i also carries bearings 4, 5a; 1lb, 5"; 40, 5 for receiving the double twisting iers'. These fliers are identical with each other.

Each of them. the flrst, for example, comprises two coaxial shafts 5a, la, mounted in the corresponding bearings da, 5e. On each of these shafts is fixed a pinion, pinion 8HL on shaft 6B and pinion 9 on shaft le; on the other hand, these shafts 6, 'la support a stirrup l ila which can freely oscillate around them. Pinions 8B and Se are similar. A. plate il is keyed on shaft 6, and a similar plate l2a is keyed on shaft la opposite the preceding one. On suspended stirrup i ila is mounted a yarn bobbln i3, loose on its flier ide. The assembly of non-doubled or twisted yarns or threads which unwinds from this bobbin and which is, for example, formed of five parallel yarns or threads, not visible separately in the drawing and indicated together by the letter a passes through a thread-guide i5a and a passage .l bent at it formed at the end of shaft 3a.

By this passage lt is led successively over threadguide ila carried by plate I la, then to the thread guide i8 carried by plate I2b; and led out of the ier through passage I9*i bent at i9 in shaft la.

A chain 20 passes over all of pinions 8S, 8b, 8, and driving pinion 3, thus driving all of shafts te, tb, 5, at the same peripheral linear speed.

A similar chain 2l passes similarly over all of pinions 5a', 9b, 9, and driving pinion 3', driving all of shafts la, lb, 1, at the same speed of rotation, a speed that is equal to that of shafts 6B, 3b, 3G. All of pinions 8a, 8b, 8 are equal. It is the same with pinions 9a, 3b, 3, all these pinions being equal to pinions 88, 8b, 8. as already stated.

Under these conditions, the three iers revolve strictly at the same speeds of rotation.

Further, according to the present invention. in

each of these iers one of its shafts, for instance the shaft 6G, carries a worm 22'* in mesh with a wormwheel 23, keyed on a shaft 24a having at its opposite end a toothed pinion 25a. This pinion is in mesh with a toothed wheel 2lia keyed on a shaft 21B. On this shaft a feed or deliveryl roller 28a is keyed. A roller 28B, arranged at the end of an arm 30'* movable about an axis ala, bears under the action of its own weight and of a spring (not shown) on the assembly of yarns or threads a which is itself supported on the driving roller 28e. In this way,` the assembly of non-twisted yarns or threads a coming from the bobbin closely adheres to the roller 28S when it passes between this roller and the loose roller 29 and it is positively driven by this roller 28B.

It therefore unwinds from its bobbin at a speed determined by that of this roller. As the three rollers 28, 28", 28, have the same speed of rotation and are of the same diameter, their peripheral speeds are the same. Under these conditions, the delivery speeds of the assemblies of yarns or threads a, b, c, to the three fliers are the same; in other words, at all times each of the fliers of the group receives a quantity of material to be twisted, or doubled substantially equal'to that received by each of the other fliers.

A take-off mechanism for each of the doubled or twisted yarns of threads a', b', c', is, as already indicated, disposed at the axis of the twisting flier,-and the take-off mechanisms for the yarns or threads of the various fliers are driven by a single mechanism, which here comprises a worm 32 keyed on driving shaft 2 and in mesh with a worm-wheel 33. On shaft 34 of this worm-wheel is keyed a toothed wheel 35 carrying a driving chain 36 for driving a second toothed wheel 31 keyed on a shaft 38. This shaft carries a pinion 39 in mesh with a toothed wheel d0 keyed on a shaft 4I carrying a second toothed wheel 42 in mesh with another toothed wheel 43 keyed on a shaft M.` This shaft M has a pinionll, over which passes a driving chain .46 for a first pinion 4l keyed on a shaft 48 and for a second'pinicn 49 keyed on a shaft 50. This chain t5 also passes over a tensioning pulley 5|. Shaft 48 carries a take-oi roller 52e, over which passes doubled or twisted yarn c coming from shaft l@ of one of the doubling or twisting iiiers. Doubled or twisted yarn c' passes successively over this takeoif roller 52c and over a counter-pulley 53C, provided with grooves, then several times over this roller and pulley in order to avoid any slipping. Rollers 52a, 52b similar to roller E2G are keyed on shaft 50 and associated with pulleys 53B, 53b similar to pulley 53c for guiding the corresponding doubled or twisted yarns a and b to the same thread-guide 58. The diameters of rollers 52B, 52h, 52c are equal, andthe speeds of rotation of the shafts 48 and 5U being the same, the various doubled or twisted yarns a', b', c' coming from the fliers are drawn off outside the latter at the same speeds.

Pulley 53a is supported by bearings such as 55a and a shaft 568 of the bearings similar to bearings 55a and a shaft similar to shaft 56a support pulleys 53b and 53. l

BT thread-guides 5l, 51h, 51 doubled or twisted yarns a',b,c' are led to a common thread-guide 58, from which they emerge in a group side by side, thus constituting the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns a'b'c. This as sembly passes between a take-oit` roller 59 keyed on shaft 44 and a loose cylinder 80, shaft 8| of which is movable in a slide-way 62. By its own weight this roller 69 presses the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns on roller 69.

In order to enable the circumferential speed of roller 59 to be varied according to the nature of the cabled yarns or threads to be made, and consequently Valso that of rollers 52, 52", 52 that are driven by the shaft 4I, toothed wheels 42, 43, may be changed. For this purpose, shaft 4| of the toothed wheel 42 is carried by an arm 68 loose the shaft 88 and capable of being fixed in any desired position by means of a bolt 64 carried by the said arm sliding in a slide-way 65 fixed to the frame of the machine and provided with a locking screw 65.

Under the conditions above described, the twist of each doubled or twisted yarn depends solely on the peripheral speed of rollers 52, 52h, 52, and that of roller 59. The tension of each doubled or twisted yarn. for a given twist, depends solely onl the ratio of the speed given to delivery rollers 28, 28h, 28, to the speed of rollers 52, 52h, 52.

On leaving take-off rollers 59, the assembly of double or twisted yarns a'b'c' is led to another Xed thread-guide 61; thence, it passes over another thread-guide 68 carried by a slide-piece 69 movable along slide-bars 10. From thread-guide 68 the assembly ol doubled or twisted yarns a'bc passes to another guide 1| carried by a second slide-piece 12, movable along the same slide-bars 10. This second slide-piece 12 is provided with a head 13 engaging in groove 14 of a cam'15 driven in the following manner. y

Shaft 44 carries a pinion 16 for driving a chain 11 passing over a toothed wheel 18. 0n shaft 19 of this wheel is keyed a pinion 8|), in mesh with a toothed wheel 8| mounted on a shaft 82 carrying cam 15 having the groove 14. The slide-piece 12 carries an arm 83, ending at the top with a guide 84 situated opposite winding-on bobbin 85, fixed on horizontal shaft 86 rotating in bearing 81. Finally, opposite this bobbin a knurled roller 88 is mounted for the peripheral drive of the said bobbin. For this purpose, the roller is driven at one end by a belt 89 passing over a pulley 90 keyed on shaft 44. Roller 89 is carried by arms 9|.

In order to maintain a constant length for that part of the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns abc, situated between the last threadguide 61 and the moving point for Winding these doubled or twisted yarns on the winding-on bobbin, this point moving constantly along this bobbin under the action of slide-piece 12 Whose head 13 moves constantly between its end-positions 13' and 13, an extensible rope or band 92 is fixed by one of its ends 93 to fixed thread-guide 61, and by its other end 94 to slide-piece 12, and passes over a guide 95 carried by slide-piece 69, in such a manner as to be constantly parallel to the part of the assembly of doubled -ortwisted yarns a'bc' situated between thread-guides 61 and 1| and passing over the thread-guide 68. Further, a wire 96 passing over a pulley 91 mounted at the end of slide-bars is attached to slide-piece 69. This wire is kept in constant tension by a weight 98 suspende-d from its end.

A tensioning roller 99, shaft |00 of which may be fixed in any desired position in a slot IUI in in arm 81, enables the desired tension of chain 11 to be maintained, whatever may be the diameters of pinions 42, 32 employed.

The whole apparatus being thus arranged, it works in the following manner:

Driving shaft 2 rotates at its normal speed; it drives the shafts of eachl of the doubling or twisting fliers and, with them, the corresponding thread or yarn delivery mechanisms. In these conditions, the yarn or thread from each of the bobbins unwinds at the speed determined by its delivery mechanism. As these speeds are equal for all the fliers, due to the delivery mechanisms being identical the tension of the doubled or twisted yarns which depends on the ratio of the peripheral speed of rollers 28", 28h, 28, to the peripheral speed of rollers 52, 52", 52, is the same for the three doubled or twisted yarns.

As on the other hand, the speeds of rotation of all the fliers are equal owing to their being driven by means of equal pinions driven by com mon chains, the twists given by the various fliers to the various threads or yarns under treatment are identical with each other. It follows that the three doubled or twisted yarns a,b,c' furnished by the three fliers are substantially identical with each other as regards their twist.

As a result, doubled or twisted yarns a',b',c' produced by the group of the three fliers are substantiaily identical with each other.

On the other hand, in the course of its passage from guide 61 to guide 1l and during the displacements of this guidey 1|, the part of the assembly a'b'c' between guides 61 and 1| and passing over guide 68 has a length that is constant. owing to the fact of the'constant parallelism of this part of the assembly with rope 92 held `stretched between these two guides and passing over guide 93; furthermore, this same part of the said assembly between the guides 81 and 1| remains constantly parallel to rope 92 constantly tensioned by the pull exerted on it by slide-piece 69 under the action of weight 98 suspended from cord 96. The length of this part of the assembly is therefore quite constant in spite of the movements of slide-piece 12. y

Owing to this arrangement, the constancy of the internal tensions in each of the doubled or twisted yarns a',b,c' of the assembly is maintained up to guide 1|, and consequently also up to guide 84, that is to say, up to its winding on bobbin 85.

Finally, the tension due to winding-on bobbin is driven by knurled roller 83 is also constant, owing to the constancy of the driving action exerted on roller 88.

Thus in each part of their path of treatment in the apparatus, the various threads or yarns under treatment are subjected to forces that are always substantially identical with each other, so that the constancy of the conditions of formation of the final product is perfectly provided for and this product has the homogeneous qualities required.

As already stated, the assembly bobbin for the twisted or doubled yarns supplied by the mechanism for doubling or twisting and assembling the doubled or twisted yarns as above described is then inserted in a cabled yarn or thread making spindle equipped in the same manner as one of the three fliers above described, that is to say, provided with a positively driven delivery mechanism for the delivery of the assembly of twisted yarns to this flier and a positively driven takeoff mechanism for the cabled yarn or thread obtained outside the said flier.

It is self-evident that in the mechanism for the doubling or twisting and assembling of the 28, 52B, 53, 59, 88) some are fixed relative to' the others in such manner as to correspond to the manufacture of this type of doubled or twisted yarns and cabled yarns or threads, each of these rollers or its driving members being accordingly constructed so as to allow of easily substituting another of, different characteristics when any modification or change has to be i,made in the manufacture.

Each doubling or twisting ier may also be provided with a stop-motion of the type described in French Patent No. 694.432 operating in the event of one of the doubled or twisted yarns braking, the stop-motion and also with a strip-motion of the type described in French Pat-ent No. '754.298 operatinfr at a suitable time before any of the feed'bobbins becomes empty. It may also comprise a stop-motion mechanism of the kind employed on the machines for winding to'fether threads side by side or a counter or indicator havingr a disengagement motion combined with feed bobbins containing a reggular amount.

Of course. instead of three bobbins, the doubling and twisting and assembly mechanism may comprise any other desired number of bobbins according to the type of cabled yarn or thread to be made.

Likewise. without going beyond the scope of the present invention. instead of the doubled or twisted yarns produced by the iiiers being wound on a bobbin they may be directly made into cabled yarn or thread on a cabled yarn or thread making flier.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention and how the same is to be performed, what we claim is:

1. A method for making a bobbin of an assembly of n doubled or twisted yarns in each part of which the said doubled or twisted yarns are always substantially identical with each other from the points of View of their twists and their tensions and from a set of n assemblies of elementary yarns or threadsin each of which the said elementary yarns are substantially identical with each other, the said method consisting in separately presenting each of the said assemblies of elementary threads or yarns in the form of a bobbin arranged in a twisting or doubling flier, simultaneously twisting the said assemblies in the said n doubling or twisting' fliers` the linear delivery speed of all the assemblies of yarns or threads to their fliers being at any time substantially equal with each other, driving outside the said fliers at linear speeds equal with each other the n twisted yarns or threads thus obtained and immediately grouping side by side the said twisted yarns or thread in an assembly of n doubled or' twisted yarns in each part of which. the said doubled or twisted yarns are always substantially identical with each other from the point of view of their twists and the point of View of their tensions, winding up on a bobbin by means of a bobbin winding device the assembly' of n doubled or twisted yarns while keeping constant the length of the part of this assembly of doubled or twisted yarns situated between the last fixed guiding point of this assembly and the point, movable along the bobbin where the winding on takes place.

2. A method lfor making a cabled yarn or thread from an assembly of n doubled or twisted yarns in each part of which the said doubled or twisted yarns are always substantially identical with each other from the points of view of their twists and their tensions and from a set of n assemblies of elementary yarns or threads in each of which the said elementary yarns are substantially identical with each other, the said method consisting in separately presenting each of the said assemblies of elementary threads or .yarns'in the form of a bobbin arranged in a twisting o doubling flier, simultaneously twisting the said assemblies in the said n doubling or twisting filers, the linear delivery speed of all the assemblies of yarns or threads to their fliers being at any time substantially equal with each other, driving outside the said fliers at linear speeds equal with each other the n twisted yarns or threads thus obtained and. immediately grouping side by side the said twisted yarns or thread I in an assembly of n doubled or twisted yarns in each part of which the said doubled or twisted yarns are always substantially identical with each other from the point .of view of their twists and the point of view of their tensions, winding up on a bobbin by means of a bobbin winding device, the assembly of ndoubled or twisted yarns while keeping'constant the length of the part of this-assembly of doubled or twisted yarns situated between the last xed guiding point of this assembly and the point, movable alongr the bobbin where the winding on takes place, delivering the assembly to a cabling flier at a linear speed which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of the said cabling ilier, the cabled yarn or thread thus obtained being driven outside this nier at a linear speed which is Vin a constant relation with the linear delivery speed of the said assembly of twisted yarns or threads to the said cabling flier.

3. A method for making a bobbin of a cabled yarn or thread from an assembly of doubled or twisted yarns in each part of which the said doubled or twisted yarns are always substantially identical with each other from the points of view of their twists and their tensions and' from a set of 11. assemblies oi elementary yarn-s or threads in each of which the said elementary yarns are substantially identical with each other, the said method consisting in separately presenting each of the said assemblies of elementary threads or yarns in the form of a bobbin arranged in a twisting or doubling ier, simultaneously twisting the said assemblies in the said n doubling or twisting fliers, the linear delivery speed at all the assemblies of yarns or threads to their fliers being at any time substantially equal with each other, driving outside the said fliers at linear speeds equal with each other the n twisted yarns or threads thus obtained and immediately grouping side by side I the said twisted yarns or threads in an assembly of n doubled or twisted yarns in each part of which the said doubled or twisted yarns are always substantially identical with each other from the point of vi-ew of their twists and the point of View of their tensions, winding 'up on a bobbin, by means of a bobbin winding device the assembly of n doubled or twisted yarns while keeping constant the length of the part of Vthis assembly of doubled or twisted yarns situated between the last xed guiding point of this assembly and the point, movable along `the bobbin where the winding on takes place,

delivering the said assembly to a cabling nier at a linear speed which is inV a constant relation with the rotary speed of the said cabling flier, the cabled yarn or thread thus obtained being driven outside this er at a linear speed which is in a constant relation with the linear delivery speed of the said assembly of twisted yards or threads to the said cabling dier, while keeping constant the length of the part of this cabled yarn or thread situated between the last fixed guiding point of this cabled yarn or thread and the point, movable along the bobbin where the winding on takes place.

4. A doubling or twisting flier in which a bobbin of an assembly of yarns or threads to be twisted together is arranged inside the said flier, a member unitary with the driving shaft of the flier is arranged inside the said ilier, an inside take off mechanism for the assembly of yarns or threads is engaged with the said member and rotatively driven by the same member at a rotary speed which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of the shaft of the flier for taking oi! through the flier the assembly of yarns or threads to a speed which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of the flier and a taking off mechanism is arranged outside the said iiier with members driven by the driving member of the flier and driving this latter taking of! mechanism at a linear peripheral speed which is in a constant relation with the linear delivery speed of the assembly of yarns or threads to the said flier.

5. An apparatus comprising n doubling or twisting fliers substantially identical with each other, in each of which a bobbin of an assembly of yarns or threads to be twisted together is arranged inside the said flier, a member unitary with the driving shaft of the flier is arranged inside the said flier, an inside take of! mechanism for the assembly of yarns or threads is engaged with the said memb'er and vrotatively driven by the same member at a rotary speed which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of the shaft of the flier for taking olf through the flier the assembly of yarns or threads to a speed which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of thelflier, a taking off mechanism is arranged outside the said ier with members driven by the driving member of the flier and driving this latter taking oil mechanism at a linear peripheral speed which is in a constant relation with the linear delivery speed of the assembly of yarns or threads to the said ier, a common shaft for driving all the said iers. members driven by the said common shaft and driving all the said fliers at rotary speeds equal with each other, other members driven by the said common shaft and driving all the outside take off mechanisms of the said iiiers at linear peripheral speeds equal with each other and means with a fixed guide for grouping side by side the twisted yarns or threads delivered by the said outside take oi mechanisms into an assembly of twisted yarns or threads.

6. An apparatus comprising n doubling or twisting fliers substantially identical with each other, in each of which a bobbin of an assembly of yarns or threads to be twisted together is arranged inside the said iiier, a member unitary with the driving shaft of the iier is arranged inside the said flier, an inside take off mechanism forvthe assembly of yarns or threads is engaged with the said member and rotatively `driven by the same member at a rotary speed 12 which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of the shaft of the flier for taking of! through the flier the assembly of yarns or threads to a speed which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of the flier, a taking off mechanism is arranged outside -the said flier with -members driven by the driving member of the flier and driving this latter taking oi mechanism at a linear peripheral speed which is in a constant relation with the linear delivery speed of the assembly of yarns or threads to the said flier, a common shaft for driving all the said fliers, members driven by the said common shaft and driving all the said fliers at rotary speeds equal with each other, other members driven by the said common shaft and driving all the outside take off mechanisms of the said iliers at linear peripheral speeds equal with each other and means with a xed guide for grouping side by side the twisted yarns or threads delivered by the said outside take of! mechanisms into an assembly of twisted yarns or threads, means for rotatively driving a winding on bobbin for' the assembly of twisted yarns or threads, said means being driven by the single driving shaft of the apparatus, and a device for ensuring to the part of the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns which is comprised between the grouping guide of this assembly and its point of winding movable along the winding on bobbin a constant length during the continuous displacement of this point.

7. An apparatus comprising n doubling or twisting iiiers substantially identical with each other. in each of which a bobbin of an assembly of yarns or threads to be twisted together is arranged inside the said flier, a member unitary with the driving shaft of the flier is arranged inside the said flier, an inside take of! mechanism for the assembly of yarns or threads is engaged with the said member and rotatively driven by the same member at a rotary speed which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of the shaft of the flier for taking off through the flier the assembly of yarns or threads to a speed which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of the flier, a taking olf mechanism is arranged outside the said flier with members driven by the driving member of the flier and driving this latter taking of! mechanism at a, linear peripheral speed which is in a constant relation with the linear delivery speed of the assembly of yarns or threads to the said flier, a common shaft for driving all the said fliers. members driven by the said common shaft and driving all the said fliers at rotary speeds equal with each other. other members driven by the said common shaft and driving all the outside take of! mechanisms of the said fliers at linear peripheral speeds equal with each other and means with a xed guide for grouping side by side the twisted yarns or threads delivered by the said outside take of! mechanisms into an assembly of twisted yarns or threads,

' means for rotatively driving a winding on bobbin for the assembly of twisted yarns or threads, said means being driven by the single driving shaft of the apparatus, a flexible band or rope. inextensible and held stretched, arranged parallel to at least a part of the path of this assembly of doubled or twisted yarns comprised between the last fixed 'guide of this assembly and a .moving guide for winding on the bobbin, this band or rope being attached at one of its ends to a Xed point near the last guide of the invariable part of the path of this assembly and at its other end to a moving 13 member for distributing the windings of this assembly along the winding on bobbin, the band or rope as well as the yarn to be wound passing over a moving guide connected to a weight that keeps the rope constantly stretched.

8. A cabling spindle in which a bobbin of an assembly of twisted yarnsto be cabled together is arranged inside the said flier, a member unitary with the driving shaft oi the ier is arranged inside the said spindle, an inside take ofi mechanism for the assembly of twisted yarns is engaged with the said member and rotatively driven by the same memberat a rotary speed which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of the shaft of the flier for taking oi through the ier the assembly of twisted yarns to a speed which is in a constant relation with the rotary speed of the flier and a taking ol mechanism is arranged outside the said nier, with members driven by the driving member of the ilier and driving this latter taking oi mechanism at a linear peripheral speed ywhich is in a constant relation with the linear delivery speed of the assembly of doubled or twisted yarns or threads to the said ier.

9. A method of making an assembly of doubled r twisted yarns with a set of n assemblies of elementary yarns or threads in each of which the said elementary yarns or threads are substantially identical with each other, the said method consisting in separately presenting each of the said assemblies of elementary threads or yarns in the form of a bobbin arranged in a, twisting or doubling flier, simultaneously twisting the said assemblies in the said n doubling or twisting iers, ea-ch of the assemblies of yarns or threads being 14 delivered from its own bobbin to the twisting part of the said flier under a substantially constant tension, the linear delivery speeds of all the assemblies of yarns or threads to the twisting parts of their iers being at any time substantially equal with each other and proportional to the common rotary speed of the said niets, driving each of the n twisted assemblies of elementary yarns or threads outside of the corresponding iiiers, the linear driving speeds of all the n twisted assemblies being equal with each other and proportional to the above said linear delivery speed of all the above said assemblies of yarns or threads to their iers, the n twisted yarns or threads thus obtained being immediately grouped side by side in an assembly of n doubled or twisted yarns in each part of which the said doubled or twisted yarns are always substantially identical with each other from the point of view of their twists and the point of view of their tensions.

JULES HUGUES BERTI-HER. JOSEPH ALEXANDRE COLIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of thisv patent:

y UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 

